Democratic representation in Europe : diversity, change, and convergence

Parliamentary representatives from early democratization to the age of consolidated democracy : national variations and international convergence in a long-term perspective / Maurizio Cotta and Heinrich Best

Decline of the nobility / Michael Rush

From servants of the state to elected representatives : public sector background among members of parliament / Maurizio Cotta and Pedro Tavares de Almeida

Why so few and why so slow? : women as parliamentary representatives in Europe from a longitudinal perspective / Verona Christmas-Best and Ulrik Kjoer

Cultural capital and political selection : educational backgrounds of parliamentarians / Daniel Gaxie and Laurent Godmer

Career through the party : recruitment of party politicians in parliament / Stefaan Fiers and Ineke Secker

Geographical dimension of parliamentary recruitment

among Native sons and parachutists / Mogens N. Pedersen, Ulrik Kjœr and Kjell A. Eliassen

Changing nature and role of European Conservative Parties in parliamentary institutions from 1848 to the twenty-first century / Valerie Cromwell and Luca Verzichelli

Restructuring of the European Political Centre : withering liberal and persisting agrarian party families / Ilkka Ruostetsaari

Christian democratic parliamentarians : from a century of multifaceted recruitment to the convergence within a 'larger family'? / Luca Verzichelli

Socialist and communist members of parliament : distinctiveness, convergence, and variance / Gabriella Ilonszki

Extreme right / Juan J. Linz, Miguel Jerez Mir and Carmen Ortega

Parliamentary elites of New European Party families : unsuccessful challenges or chaotic signs of change? / Filippo Tronconi and Luca Verzichelli

Cleavage representation in European Parliamentary history / Heinrich Best

Paths of institutional development and elite transformations / Maurizio Cotta and Luca Verzichelli